Which science studies the ancient and recent human past through material remains; subfield of anthropology?

• A. Genealogy
• B. Archaeology
• C. Anthropology
• D. Paleontology

Answer: (B)

Archaeology investigates the ancient and recent human past through material remains. By examining artifacts, features, structures, and environmental traces, archaeologists reconstruct how people lived, worked, and interacted, even when there are few or no written records. It sits as a subfield of anthropology, the broader study of humans in all their aspects, because it uses evidence from the physical record to understand cultural and historical development. Other options don’t fit this exact approach: genealogy tracks family relationships over generations, paleontology focuses on ancient life and fossils rather than humans, and anthropology is the general field rather than the specific method of studying the past through material evidence.